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    October 05

    新疆印象-伊犁(伊犁河)

          八月份最后一天,离开寒冷的塞里木湖,沿果子沟,往南到了伊宁。
          伊犁和伊宁,原以为是发音接近的同一个名称,其实不相同。伊宁应该是近代行政管辖上的概念,指伊宁市和伊宁县,在清朝时叫宁远城。伊犁就复杂多了,历史上完整的伊犁包括伊犁河东、西两路共14万平方公里,但现在地图上大部分伊犁河谷已经划在哈萨克斯坦的版图内。源起天山的伊犁河,向西流入巴尔喀什湖,全长1000多公里,境内区域只是东端的一小部分了。
           赶在日落之前到达伊犁河大桥。当地以维族人居多,在桥上赶驴车的,桥头烤羊肉串的,看上去都象阿凡提的兄弟。桥上拿着相机闲逛的游客们才有着汉人的脸庞,在这里成了稀奇的少数民族。手风琴声飘在河上,迎亲的队伍接连不断。按当地习俗,结婚当日,在日落之前,新人要走到桥下看看伊犁河。站在桥边看着落日熔金中古老的河水,穿着现代婚纱的维族新人,热闹的婚礼队伍,真是场好看的人生戏剧。
          落日渐渐西沉,暮色之中的伊犁河泛着波浪依旧流淌。想来近在咫尺的伊犁河竟是历史中一道老去的伤痕。记得中学读近代史,读到《堪分西北界约记》总觉得拗口偏远,没有《南京条约》、《望厦条约》那样的切肤之感,然而正是这条约割去伊犁河谷大部分的区域。西北边疆太过遥远,中原朝代更迭,有时顾此失彼,至清末甚至有弃边疆,保海疆的主张。后来伊犁九城沦陷,左宗棠西征,收复边疆大部分地区,却由崇厚签了荒唐的《收分伊犁条约》,再有曾纪泽外交斡旋,改订条约,抢回部分失地的后话。"伊犁"读出声来就觉风光旖旎,连带引出关于西域的美好想象,可是提到近代史也和其他很多地方一样沉重不堪咯。
          

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